Old City Baku Walking Tour Highlights and Hidden Spots
Tucked within the modern skyline of Azerbaijan’s capital lies Icherisheher, or Old City Baku—a UNESCO World Heritage Site that tells the story of centuries past. As the historic heart of Baku, this walled city is a labyrinth of cobbled alleys, sandstone buildings, medieval towers, and charming courtyards. A walking tour through Old City Baku offers an immersive experience that blends ancient history with the vibrant culture of modern Azerbaijan.
If you’re visiting Baku, exploring this atmospheric quarter on foot is a must. Whether you’re guided by a local or wandering solo, the Old City will transport you to a time when caravans passed along the Silk Road and khans ruled behind fortified walls.
Starting Point: The Gates of Icherisheher
Begin your tour at the Double Gates, the primary entrance to the Old City. These massive stone arches set the tone for what lies within—a preserved medieval town encased by fortress walls. The area inside is pedestrian-friendly, allowing you to fully absorb the surroundings without modern distractions.
Just beyond the gates, you’ll find a map of the Old City and signposts pointing to major landmarks, making it easy to navigate even without a guide.
Highlight 1: Maiden Tower (Giz Galasi)
Your first major stop should be the iconic Maiden Tower, a 12th-century cylindrical structure that rises nearly 30 meters high. The tower is wrapped in legends—some romantic, some tragic—and its origins are still debated by historians. It has served various purposes over the centuries, from a defensive fortress to an observatory.
Climb the narrow staircase inside for panoramic views of the Caspian Sea and Baku’s evolving skyline. The interior also houses a small museum detailing the history and mythology of the tower.
Highlight 2: Shirvanshah’s Palace
A short walk from the Maiden Tower brings you to the Palace of the Shirvanshahs, a 15th-century royal complex that once housed the ruling dynasty of the Shirvan region. The site includes a main palace building, a mosque with a minaret, a royal tomb, and a bathhouse.
The architecture reflects a mix of Persian and Islamic influences, with intricate stonework and geometric designs. Walk through the arched corridors and courtyards to get a feel for royal life in medieval Azerbaijan.
Hidden Spot 1: The Miniature Book Museum
Tucked away on one of the narrow side streets is a truly unique destination—the Miniature Book Museum. This small but fascinating collection houses thousands of tiny books, some no larger than a matchbox. It’s the only museum of its kind in the world, with publications in multiple languages and a focus on Azerbaijani authors.
The museum is privately owned and free to visit, offering a quirky break from the more traditional historical attractions.
Highlight 3: Juma Mosque
Built on the site of a Zoroastrian fire temple, the Juma Mosque is one of the oldest in Baku. The current structure dates back to the 19th century, with a mix of architectural styles. Step inside to appreciate the peaceful interior, adorned with stained glass windows and a finely detailed mihrab (prayer niche).
Outside, the mosque courtyard often hosts local gatherings or quiet reading sessions, offering a glimpse into daily life.
Hidden Spot 2: Caravanserais and Hidden Courtyards
As you wander, keep an eye out for the caravanserais—ancient inns where Silk Road merchants once rested. Two notable examples include Bukhara Caravanserai and Multani Caravanserai, both restored and now functioning as restaurants or cultural spaces. These stone structures with central courtyards once provided lodging, stables, and storage for traders and their animals.
Hidden courtyards and arched passageways throughout the Old City often reveal unexpected gems—art galleries, antique shops, and family-run tea houses tucked behind heavy wooden doors.
Highlight 4: City Walls and Watchtowers
The walls surrounding Icherisheher are remarkably well-preserved. Walk along the base or climb sections (where allowed) to imagine the vantage point of a medieval guard. Some areas of the wall even offer views down to the newer parts of Baku, creating a striking contrast between old and new.
The Gala Wall is particularly photogenic, especially during sunset when the golden light bathes the stone in a warm glow.
Hidden Spot 3: Local Artisan Shops
The Old City is home to dozens of artisan workshops. You’ll find craftsmen making copperware, traditional Azerbaijani carpets, hand-painted ceramics, and jewelry. Many shops double as studios, where you can see artisans at work and even try your hand at certain crafts.
One recommended stop is a miniature carpet shop, where you can learn how intricate silk carpets are woven by hand—a tradition passed down through generations.
End Point: Nizami Street (Optional Extension)
Although just outside the Old City walls, Nizami Street is a great place to end your walking tour. It’s a lively pedestrian boulevard filled with cafes, boutiques, and historic architecture. After soaking in the ancient atmosphere of Icherisheher, this modern thoroughfare offers a vibrant contrast and a place to unwind with a cup of Azerbaijani tea or a local pastry.
Tips for Walking the Old City
Wear comfortable shoes: The cobbled streets can be uneven and steep in places.
Bring water and sun protection: Especially in the warmer months, as shade can be limited.
Go early or late: To avoid the crowds and capture the best lighting for photography.
Hire a local guide: If you want deeper insight into the history, legends, and architecture.
Respect local customs: Especially when visiting religious sites or speaking with artisans.
Final Thoughts
A walking tour of Old City Baku is not just a journey through historic landmarks, but a cultural immersion. The walled enclave offers a perfect balance of grandeur and intimacy—from royal palaces and ancient mosques to narrow lanes where the aroma of fresh bread wafts through stone archways.
Whether you explore for a couple of hours or dedicate a full day, Icherisheher promises a memorable encounter with Azerbaijan’s past, still very much alive in the heart of its capital.